| Risk | Opportunity |
|---|---|
| While industrial estate development can be beneficial to the countries and their residents' overall economic growth, it may have negative impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems due to changes in land use and urbanization to accommodate expanding industrial sectors. The decline in biodiversity can increase the risk to the ecosystem's balance in the area, affecting the abundance of natural resources that are the main raw materials of business operations, such as water, and the overall quality of the environment, as well as the quality of life of stakeholders who live in the area and make use of nature. | The Company has an opportunity to transform the industrial estate into a city that strikes a balance between economic growth with social and environmental conservation. This will allow the industrial sector to coexist harmoniously with the surrounding communities. The conservation of the quality and balance of biodiversity will ensure the sustainable handover of sufficient resources vital to the economic, social, and environmental quality of life of the stakeholders to the next generation. |
The Company recognizes that the use of, and dependence on, natural resources and living organisms without due regard to ecological limits and regenerative capacity may lead to ecosystem degradation and biodiversity loss. Such impacts may adversely affect human well-being, including food security, economic development, and climate change mitigation through the sequestration and absorption of carbon dioxide. The Company is therefore committed to conducting its business with due environmental responsibility and to promoting the efficient and responsible use of natural resources. To support this commitment, the Company has established a “Biodiversity Policy” as a framework for biodiversity management, aligned with internationally recognized principles and agreements, including the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). The Policy is intended to prevent and mitigate adverse impacts arising from the Company’s business activities across the value chain that may affect biodiversity in the areas where AMATA’s industrial estates are located. The Company also seeks to promote positive outcomes for ecosystems through engagement with customers, suppliers, contractors, business partners, and other relevant stakeholders in the protection, restoration, and conservation of ecosystems and biodiversity across its areas of operation.
The Company requires biodiversity-related risks and impacts associated with its business activities to be identified and assessed both prior to the development of new projects and throughout ongoing operations. Based on such assessments, the Company sets relevant objectives and applies the mitigation hierarchy, comprising avoidance, minimization, restoration, and, where appropriate, compensation or biodiversity offsets for residual impacts. In addition, the Company promotes resource efficiency, the restoration and maintenance of areas and water resources under its responsibility, the use of environmentally friendly infrastructure, and the application of technology and innovation. The Company also conducts regular monitoring, review, and transparent reporting of biodiversity-related performance.
The Company is committed to avoiding operations and investment expansion in protected areas, including World Heritage Sites and areas designated under IUCN Categories I–IV. This commitment forms part of the Company’s biodiversity management approach and is applied in the review of projects and business activities that may affect ecosystems and biodiversity, with the aim of preventing adverse impacts on areas of high conservation value. The Company also integrates this commitment into its biodiversity risk and impact assessment processes to support informed decision-making and the appropriate management of biodiversity-related impacts arising from its business operations.
See more details on our Biodiversity Policy
According to the Town Planning Act (B.E. 2562, 2019), AMATA City Chonburi Industrial Estate, AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate, AMATA Smart City Chonburi Industrial Estate, and AMATA City Chonburi 2 Industrial Estate are located in industrial zones; within a 5-kilometer radius, there are no nationally or internationally recognized ecological zones nor are there any conservation or protected areas that have been announced by government agencies on natural resources and the environment.
| Industrial Estates in Operation | Industrial Estates under Development | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AMATA City Chonburi |
AMATA City Rayong |
AMATA Smart City Chonburi |
AMATA City Chonburi 2 |
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| Total project area | 20,195 Rai(3,231 Hectares) | 17,898 Rai(2,864 Hectares) | Total project area | 5,354 Rai(857 Hectares) | 1,941 Rai(311 Hectares) |
| Operational area | 18,526 Rai(2,964 Hectares) | 15,855 Rai(2,537 Hectares) | Planned operational area | 4,600 Rai(736 Hectares) | 1,941 Rai(311 Hectares) |
Note: The total project area of AMATA Smart City Chonburi Industrial Estate was revised from 8,227 rai (1,316 hectares) to 5,354 rai (857 hectares) in accordance with the announcement of the Industrial Estate Authority of Thailand Board dated 10 February 2025. As a result, the figures differ from those previously reported in the Form 56-1 One Report and the 2024 Sustainability Report.
However, the development of the Company’s four industrial estates may negatively impact biodiversity, both directly and indirectly. These impacts may arise from various industrial estate activities, and the operations of suppliers and contractors. Such impacts can occur from the early stages of land development through to full operational phases.
The Company has established a systematic process to identify and assess biodiversity impacts in order to evaluate both actual and potential impacts arising from the development of all four industrial estates. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) reports are used as the primary tool for establishing baseline data, drawing on both secondary data collected from relevant authorities, such as the Royal Forest Department and the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, as well as information from agencies responsible for the project areas and their surroundings. This is complemented by field‑based biodiversity surveys conducted by qualified experts, covering both flora and fauna within the project areas and a 5‑kilometer surrounding radius. These assessments analyze the status of species in accordance with the IUCN Red List and relevant Thai wildlife protection laws, enabling the Company to accurately identify ecologically sensitive areas prior to the commencement of project development.
The Company has identified key activities that may give rise to negative impacts on biodiversity, as follows:
The Company considers biodiversity-related impacts that may be linked to products and services in its supply chain, covering the activities of suppliers and contractors across both the project development and operational phases of the industrial estates. Particular attention is given to activities located in Chonburi, Rayong, and Chachoengsao provinces, which serve as key sources of earth fill material and are also strategic areas for the procurement of water resources used within AMATA’s industrial estates. The Company identifies risks related to biodiversity loss and prioritizes suppliers and contractors with higher-risk activities for further assessment and management, in order to support the determination of appropriate management measures and mitigation actions. Based on its supply chain analysis, the Company has identified product and service categories with the most significant potential negative impacts on biodiversity, as follows:
| Products and Services with Significant Impacts | Impact Mitigation and Risk Control Measures |
|---|---|
| 1. Contracted Land Filling and Site Preparation Services The excavation and sourcing of topsoil from natural resource areas may directly result in changes to geological conditions, disturbance of habitats of living organisms, and alterations to drainage systems in the source areas. |
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| 2. Water Resource Sourcing and Management Upstream activities related to the sourcing of raw water for industrial use may affect the balance of aquatic ecosystems and the availability of natural water resources jointly used by surrounding communities. |
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| 3. Primary Construction Materials (Cement, Steel, and Aggregates) Primary construction materials represent product groups with indirect biodiversity-related risks in the upstream supply chain, as raw material sourcing and extraction are associated with mineral resource use and large-scale land-use change. |
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The Company uses the results of these risk assessments to systematically determine and implement measures under the mitigation hierarchy, with the aim of avoiding and minimizing adverse impacts on biodiversity to the greatest extent practicable. This approach is guided by the mitigation hierarchy recognized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), which comprises four levels: avoidance, minimization, restoration, and offsetting.
| IUCN Mitigation Hierarchy Policy | Avoidance | Minimization | Rehabilitation / Restoration |
Compensation or Offsetting |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avoid business activities that negatively affect biodiversity. | Minimize the time, severity, and area of negative impact from inevitable business activities. | Rehabilitate a deteriorating ecosystem as a result of business activities. | Compensate for the negative impact on biodiversity. | |
| Activities / Projects Implemented |
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The Company has implemented a range of initiatives aimed at avoiding, minimizing, restoring, and offsetting potential negative impacts arising from its business operations across all industrial estate areas, as outlined below:
The Company recognizes the critical role of natural resources as providers of ecosystem services that support business operations and the quality of life of surrounding communities, particularly water provisioning services and water regulation services. Accordingly, the Company places emphasis on self‑reliance and the sustainable management of water resources in each operational area, as outlined below.
AMATA City Chonburi Industrial Estate and AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate are located in water‑stressed areas. The Company therefore manages risks related to raw water availability by relying on surface water storage services, supported by a total of 17 on‑site raw water reservoirs with a combined storage capacity of over 61 million cubic meters. In parallel, the Company has developed recycled water management systems to maximize the reuse of treated wastewater. These measures help reduce reliance on external natural water sources and enhance water security for operators within the industrial estates, without placing pressure on shared community water resources.
AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate is located within an upstream catchment area. As its operations rely on ecosystem regulation services, the Company places importance on conserving upstream forest areas within the industrial estate to maintain the natural capacity of forest ecosystems to absorb and regulate surface water flows. This helps retain rainfall, mitigate flood risks, and reduce water accumulation in surrounding areas.
The Company recognizes that water resources and upstream forests are essential ecosystem services upon which both the Company and local communities jointly depend. To prevent potential conflicts and enhance social and ecological value, the Company has undertaken the following actions:
The Company is committed to developing its industrial estates into environmentally sound cities that enhance the quality of life for both workers within the estates and members of surrounding communities. As part of this vision, the Company has set a target for all industrial estates to have green areas at least 10 percent of the total operational area. The Company has prepared a master plan and determined green area development within AMATA industrial estates annually to continuously restore green areas in AMATA industrial estates. It defines types of plants based on forest types in Chonburi and Rayong provinces, according to the Royal Forest Department. Most terrestrial forests in Chonburi and Rayong are mixed-deciduous forests and dry evergreen forests. The expansion of green areas within industrial estates not only contributes to enhancing biodiversity indices, but also serves as a buffer zone to mitigate pollution impacts and provides recreational areas for employees, workers of tenant companies, and surrounding communities, enabling shared use and benefits.
The total project area of AMATA City Chonburi Industrial Estate is 20,195 rai (3,231 hectares), with a total operational area of 18,526 rai (2,964 hectares) and a total green area of 2,121 rai (339 hectares), representing 11.45% of the operational area. In 2025, the Company did not undertake additional tree planting within AMATA City Chonburi Industrial Estate. However, tree replanting was carried out to replace dead trees, together with landscape enhancement activities. The Company also consistently maintains common green areas to ensure they remain well‑managed and visually appealing. All replacement trees were of 100% native species, ensuring alignment with local biodiversity conservation efforts. According to the Royal Forest Department report, these trees are categorized as mixed-deciduous and dry evergreen species that are tolerant of saline soil conditions, such as Siamese Rosewood (Dalbergia cochinchinensis), Gurjan (Dipterocarpus alatus), Bungor (Lagerstroemia calyculata), Horse Cassia (Cassia grandis), Kalamona (Cassia surattensis), Yellow poinciana (Peltophorum pterocarpum), Thai crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia speciosa), Trumpet Tree (Dolichandrone serrulata), Broad-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), Burmese Padauk (Pterocarpus macrocarpas), Tamarind (Tamarindus indica), and Manila tamarind (Pithecellobium dulce), etc.
The total project area of AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate is 17,898 rai (2,864 hectares), with a total operational area of 15,855 rai (2,537 hectares) and a total green area of 1,671 rai (267 hectares), representing 10.54% of the operational area. In 2025, the Company planted 1,000 native trees in AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate with a survival rate of 90%, continuous replanting efforts are in place to replace any seedlings that do not survive. All trees planted are 100% native species found in Rayong province. According to the Royal Forest Department report, these trees are categorized as mixed-deciduous and dry evergreen species, such as Afzelia burl (Afzelia xylocarpa), Java Plum (Eugenia cumini), Gurjan (Dipterocarpus alatus), White Meranti (Shorea roxburghii), Bungor (Lagerstroemia calyculata), Thai copper pod (Senna siamea), Tamarind (Tamarindus indica), Queen's Flower (Lagerstroemia speciosa), and Broad-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), etc.
AMATA Smart City Industrial Estate in Chonburi covers a total area of 5,354 rai (857 hectares). The Company has been developing this new industrial estate since 2023, with a planned operational area of 4,600 rai (736 hectares). Of this area, 564 rai (90 hectares) has been designated as green area, representing 12.26% of the planned operational area. This industrial estate is currently undergoing further development.
AMATA City Chonburi 2 Industrial Estate covers a total area of 1,941 rai (311 hectares). The Company has been developing this new industrial estate in 2024, with a planned operational area of 1,941 rai (311 hectares). Of this area, 244 rai (39 hectares) has been designated as green area, representing 12.57% of the planned operational area. This industrial estate is currently undergoing further development.
In collaboration with factory operators in the AMATA Industrial Estates, the Company has initiated projects to revitalize abandoned public areas into community forests by planting native perennial plants in the degraded forest areas of the industrial estates. For instance, in the "Forest for Life" project spanning from 2019 to 2025, the Company partnered with Tokai Rika (Thailand) Company Limited to reforest a 12-rai public area in AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate. In 2025, 3,500 trees were planted on 2 rai of land, and a total of 32,500 trees were planted on 12 rai of land during the project period.
Moreover, the Company has partnered with the AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate Office and the Bang Lamung Forest Conservation and Development Unit to launch the "Green Expansion and Natural Resource Conservation Cooperation Project (Community Forest Planting)" in the Bang Lamung National Reserved Forest, Moo 1, Khao Mai Kaeo Subdistrict, Bang Lamung District, Chonburi Province. This initiative aims to extend the development efforts beyond the industrial estate to the neighboring community, guided by the approach of Eco-Industrial Town. The community forest plantation project has been implemented continuously since 2020. In 2025, over 250 employee volunteers and local community members participated in planting 1,000 native tree species, such as tamarind, Siamese cassia, neem, and bullet wood. To date, a total of 8,000 trees have been planted, contributing to the expansion of green space within the community forest area.
In 2025, the Company, together with the AMATA City Chonburi Industrial Estate Office and over 60 tenants and operators within the industrial estate, organized a fish release and mangrove planting event for the fourth consecutive year to mark an official royal commemoration. This event was held to honor Her Majesty Queen Sirikit the Queen Mother on the auspicious occasion of her 93rd birthday anniversary. Over 9,300 fish were released, and more than 1,000 mangrove trees were planted at the Mangrove Conservation Learning Center in Khlong Tamru, Chonburi Province. This initiative serves not only to enrich natural resources but also to diversify fish species, providing future food sources and livelihoods for the community.
AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate is in the middle of a watershed, the Phu Sai Stream, which flows from the Khao Mai Kaeo watershed and runs through the industrial estate before reaching the Dok Krai Reservoir, which is a large reservoir with a capacity of over 79 million cubic meters and an area of more than 1,300 rai (2.08 square kilometers) in Rayong province. Although Dok Krai Reservoir is located outside the radius of 5 kilometers from AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate, it is an area that is important in terms of freshwater ecosystems and an important economic source for the community because it is a nursery for aquatic animals and local fishing areas for more than 500 households in Nikhom Phatthana district. This poses a threat to aquatic species, a significant part of the community's traditional means of subsistence, and is prompting surrounding populations to be concerned about potential effects on water quality.
As a result, the Company collaborates with the Rayong Provincial Fisheries and Freshwater Fisheries Resource Management Group at Dok Krai Reservoir, a community committee that oversees and controls reservoir utilization. Additionally, the Company works with various alliance groups, such as local authorities and factory operators in AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate, to develop the "Joint Development toward Sustainable Watershed” project. This project aims to preserve and restore water sources, including local aquatic animal species that provide a reliable source of income and food for the community and can also serve as effective water quality indicators.
In 2025, AMATA City Rayong Company Limited and AMATA U Company Limited, in collaboration with the Dok Krai Reservoir Fisheries Resource Management Group, Rayong Provincial Fisheries Office, and the Phana Nikhom Subdistrict Administrative Organization, organized the "Sustainable Water Resource Conservation (Fish Stocking) Project" to promote tripartite cooperation in conserving natural resources among the government, private sector, and local communities at the Dok Krai Reservoir, Rayong Province. This project involved over 430 volunteer employees from both inside and outside the industrial estate, as well as members of the community. Together, they released over 400,000 fish, including Chinese carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), Indian carp (Labeo calbasu), Rohu carp (Labeo rohita), Mekong giant catfish (Pangasianodon gigas), Smallscale mud carp (Cirrhinus microlepis), and more than 200,000 Giant freshwater prawns (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). These species are native to the Dok Krai Reservoir and have been surveyed and identified by the Rayong Provincial Fisheries Office. Since the project's inception until 2025, the companies have released a total of over 3,730,000 fish and have continuously constructed fish homes, called "Sung,” using ropes, to provide shelters and increase survival opportunities for the released aquatic species, while also enhancing biodiversity in the fish home area in terms of both species and population.
In addition to preserving local species and increasing the number of aquatic animals in Dok Krai Reservoir, these activities have increased community confidence in the quality of water flowing through AMATA City Rayong Industrial Estate, which the Company has effectively managed, controlled, and monitored. In the future, the Company plans to conduct surveys on the diversity of aquatic animals in the Dok Krai Reservoir area in collaboration with Rayong Province Fisheries and the Dok Krai Reservoir Freshwater Fisheries Resource Management Group. This information will be used as basic information for biodiversity conservation efforts and future water quality assessments.
To ensure the effectiveness of biodiversity management measures, the Company has established monitoring and verification mechanisms, as outlined below:
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(+84) 203 3567 007 (North)
(+95) 1 230 5627
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